Wednesday 1 February 2012

Types of broadcasters

Public Service
Public Service is paid for by the public with a license fee of £120.00 per year. The radio station that uses public service is the BBC, they have to relate to an extensive audience, it is why there are many diverse BBC sectors that cater to this. Though they are different radio stations, however they still have to meet requests for a varied audience and also report on local news. The communications controller 'OfCom' requires that specific television and radio broadcasters must meet certain requirements as part of their license to airing. All of the BBC television and radio stations have a public service responsibility including those that broadcast digitally, furthermore; all stations broadcast on terrestrial analogue are obligated to deliver public service programming as they can be watched freely almost anywhere nationwide.

Commercial

Commercial broadcasting is primarily founded on the practice of airing radio advertisements and television advertisements for income. This is in distinction to public broadcasting which obtains government sponsorship and avoids most or all paid advertisement.  An example of this is Capital FM. They are sponsored through advertisements and companies who allow them to promote their products. They also select their advertisements depending on their target audience so that the companies and the radio station profit in a positive way. Lots of commercial radio stations are local or regional. Limited are restricted news bulletin.

Community

Community radio is a radio service a third ideal of radio broadcasting in calcualation to commercial and public broadcasting, community stations work for geographic communities and communities of interest. They broadcast news that is current and applicable to a local and particular audience, however; it is often ignored by commercial or mass-media broadcasters. Community radio stations are ran, owned and influenced by the communities they serve, they are usually non-profit and offer a device to allow individuals, groups and communities to express their own stories and share experiences.
An example of a community radio station is Salford City Radio. They are limited to one town/city which is local. They are Restricted to local news, they  have a Low budget and a minor news team. They are also Commercially funded and perhaps funded by the local council.


Small Scale 
College radio which may also be known as campus radio, university radio and student radio is a category of radio station that is run by the students of the college. Programming may be exclusively by students or may contain programmers from the broader community in which the station is established, however; sometimes college radios are functioned for the purpose of training professional radio employees, occasionally with the intention of broadcasting of educational programming whilst other radio station exists to offer an alternative to commercial broadcasting or government broadcasters.
College radios are examples of small – scale radios which broadcasts to only one location, A building etc. They are locally funded by themselves or by promoters. They have Low funding and possibly even without a news team. They also have restricted news or probably no news.

Local

This initially means broadcasting to a local area, an example of this is the BBC where one of the stations only airs in Manchester.  They also only report Local and national stories.


Regional
Regional means the station will broadcast to a larger area, i.e. the North West and examples for regional stations are Smooth Radio, Real Radio and others.
These stations provide news featuring Local regional stories that may have happened in Scotland; their stories are local, however they are regional together.  

National

This means the stations are Broadcasted around the whole country of England, Wales, and Scotland. An example of stations that do this is the BBC Radio. They only cover national and international stories; however this might also be local but regional at the same time.

Satellite, Cable and Internet
Examples of satellite and cable would be The Hits, Smash hits and others. Internet radios include stations such as DEFJAY FM, R&B FM and so on. Both satellite and internet report Stories that are constant and repeated throughout the day but aren’t updated regularly, however they are up-to-date; National and International stories are also included.

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